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Fast Associated Control Channel - FACCH
Fast associated control channel - FACCH is a logical channel on a digital traffic channel that is typically used to send urgent signaling control messages (such as a handoff or power control message). The FACCH channel sends messages by replacing speech data with signaling data for short periods of time. In GSM two special reserved bits are used to inform the receiving device if the data in the current time slot is digitally coded subscriber traffic or alternatively a FACCH message. In IS-136 systems, a FACCH message is distinguished from digitally coded subscriber traffic because two different types of error protection coding are used for the two types of information. GSM FACCH Signaling
This figure shows the basic GSM FACCH signaling process. This diagram shows that the FACCH data replaces (discards) speech frames and replaces them with the FACCH control message data. Each FACCH message is transmitted over 8 sequential channel bursts. The speech information that would normally be transmitted during FACCH transmission is discarded. GSM Books
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